Tigris

( cf. 6.1.03.149 , 6.1.14.6 , 6.1.15.b5 , 6.1.16.c5 , 6.1.22: ll. 172-175 ) It became cloudy, but it did not rain. It rained, but no one undid their belt. Although the Tigris was on its high tide, no water reached the arable lands. It rained on the riverbank, but the dry land did not get any of it.

Proverbs: collection 25 (c.6.1.25) ·c.6.1.25 ·3 ·machine translation (etcsl)

{Where} {( 1 ms. has instead: ) when} I had built the great fortress Igi-ḫursaĝa , the …… not come out. The …… cannot drink water, {because of a breach (?) in (?) the Tigris and Euphrates } {( 1 ms. has instead: ) …… together with the Euphrates }.

Letter from Šulgi to Puzur-Šulgi about waterways (c.3.1.10) ·c.3.1.10 ·5 ·machine translation (etcsl)

You sent me a message ordering me to work on the construction of the great fortification Murīq-Tidnim . {You presented yourself before me} {( 1 ms. has instead: ) A messenger presented himself before me}, announcing: "The Martu have invaded the land." {You instructed me} {( 1 ms. has instead: ) You have imposed on me as a task (?)} to build the fortification, so as to cut off their route; also, that no breaches of the Tigris or the Euphrates should cover the fields with water.

Letter from Šarrum-bāni to Šu-Suen about keeping the Martu at bay (c.3.1.15) ·c.3.1.15 ·7 ·machine translation (etcsl)

In those ancient days, when the good destinies had been decreed, and after An and Enlil had set up the divine rules of heaven and earth, then the third of them, ……, the lord of broad wisdom, Enki , the master of destinies, gathered together …… and founded dwelling places; he took in his hand waters to encourage and create good seed; he laid out side by side the Tigris and the Euphrates , and caused them to bring water from the mountains; he scoured out the smaller streams, and positioned the other watercourses. …… Enki made spacious sheepfolds and cattle-pens, and provided shepherds and herdsmen; he founded cities and settlements throughout the earth, and made the black-headed multiply. He provided them with a king as shepherd, elevating him to sovereignty over them; the king rose as the daylight over the foreign countries.

The debate between Bird and Fish (c.5.3.5) ·c.5.3.5 ·7 ·machine translation (etcsl)

" " Enlil , my lord, has …… the shepherdship of the land. Enlil has told me to bring before Ninisina the cities, deities and troops of the region of the Tigris , Euphrates , Ab-gal and Me- Enlila watercourses, from the province of Ḫamazi {to the sea of Magan } {( 1 ms. has instead: ) and from the …… of Magan }, so as to make Isin the storehouse of Enlil , to make it famous, and {to make those regions its spoils of war and to make Isin's citizens occupy their cities} {( 1 ms. has instead: ) to make Isin's citizens occupy the cities as spoils of war.}""

Letter from Puzur-Šulgi to Ibbi-Suen about Išbi-Erra's claim on Isin (c.3.1.19) ·c.3.1.19 ·8 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Lord of complex divine powers, who establishes umderstanding, whose intentions are unfathomable, who knows everything! Enki , of broad wisdom, august ruler of the Anuna , wise one who casts spells, who provides words, who attends to decisions, who clarifies verdicts, who dispenses advice from dawn to dusk! Enki , lord of all true words, I will praise you. Your father, An the king, the lord who caused human seed to come forth and who placed all mankind on the earth, has laid upon you the guarding of the divine powers of heaven and earth, and has elevated you to be their prince. An , king of the gods, has instructed you to keep open the holy mouths of the Tigris and Euphrates , to fill them with splendour, to make the dense clouds release plentiful water and make them rain all over the fields, to make Ezina lift her head in the furrows, to make vegetation …… in the desert, and to make orchards and gardens ripe with syrup and vines grow as tall as forests.

A tigi to Enki for Ur-Ninurta (Ur-Ninurta B) (c.2.5.6.2) ·c.2.5.6.2 ·8 ·machine translation (etcsl)

The widespread people, abundant as vegetation, say: "Hail, my lord!", from the flooding Tigris and Euphrates to the Tigris ……. …… will rise. …… put aside. …… I (?) will make. …… which is esteemed (?). When I have filled (?) ……, 1 line fragmentary unknown no. of lines missing

Letter from Aradĝu to Šulgi about the country (c.3.1.04) ·c.3.1.04 ·9 ·machine translation (etcsl)

The heart overflowed with joy, Enlil's heart, a river in flood, overflowed with joy. The heart overflowed with joy, and just as the Tigris brings sweet water, so Enlil , whose will is an enormous flood, sparkling and awe-inspiring, came to a sweet decision:

The building of Ninĝirsu's temple (Gudea, cylinders A and B) (c.2.1.7) ·c.2.1.7 ·9 ·machine translation (etcsl)

The enemy troops established themselves everywere. Tirigan , the king of Gutium …… the mouths of the channels (?). Nobody came out of his city to face him; he already occupied both banks of the Tigris . In the south, in Sumer , he blocked the water from the fields, in the uplands he closed off the roads. Because of him the grass grew high on the highways of the land.

The victory of Utu-ḫeĝal (c.2.1.6) ·c.2.1.6 ·20 ·machine translation (etcsl)

O king, foremost one of An , chosen in his holy heart, Samsu -iluna , king, foremost one of An , chosen in his holy heart, …… rites …… august, ……, joyful, supreme, assiduous, with head high on the gold-decorated throne of …… kingship, who sits majestically …… in its midst in heroic strength, Samsu -iluna : An , the mighty king of heaven, the august judge, has assigned you a great destiny, and has made you to pass your life with a secure crown.

A hymn to Enlil for Samsu-iluna (Samsu-iluna F) (c.2.8.3.6) ·c.2.8.3.6 ·5 ·machine translation (etcsl)

The widespread people, abundant as vegetation, say: "Hail, my lord!", from the flooding Tigris and Euphrates to the Tigris ……. …… will rise. …… put aside. …… I (?) will make. …… which is esteemed (?). When I have filled (?) ……, 1 line fragmentary unknown no. of lines missing

Letter from Aradĝu to Šulgi about the country (c.3.1.04) ·c.3.1.04 ·8 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Before Lord Enki , Isimud the minister praises the temple; he goes to the temple and speaks to it. He goes to the brick building and addresses it: "Temple, built from precious metal and lapis lazuli; whose foundation pegs are driven into the abzu ; which has been cared for by the prince in the abzu ! Like the Tigris and the Euphrates , it is mighty and awe-inspiring (?). Joy has been brought into Enki's abzu ."

Enki's journey to Nibru (c.1.1.4) ·c.1.1.4 ·24 ·machine translation (etcsl)

after An had frowned upon all the lands, after Enlil had looked favourably on an enemy land, after Nintur had scattered the creatures that she had created, after Enki had altered the course of the Tigris and Euphrates , after Utu had cast his curse on the roads and highways;

The lament for Sumer and Urim (c.2.2.3) ·c.2.2.3 ·25 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Enki , lord, firstborn son of An ……, Nudimmud , great bull of the abzu ……, may you …… with your consort, holy Damgalnuna . Father Enki , may you embrace her and soothe your heart with her. …… friendly words on behalf of Išme- Dagan . …… the prayer of the king until distant days. The one blessed by Enlil ……, Išme- Dagan , the shepherd, …… the son of Enlil . May his radiance …… for you to the outer limits of heaven and earth. May he have authority, may he be peerless in all the numerous countries. May Išme- Dagan …… from the south as far as the uplands. …… the god of the Land ……. May the Tigris and Euphrates ……, may they bring abundance for him. May the udders of heaven open for him; may the harvest …… for him. May barley, emmer, wheat, gu-nida grain …… on vast fields for him. May grain heaps be heaped up for him; may Ezina …….

An adab (?) to Enki for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan D) (c.2.5.4.04) ·c.2.5.4.04 ·24 ·machine translation (etcsl)

By hand Winter guided the spring floods, the abundance and life of the Land, down from the edge of the hills. He set his foot upon the Tigris and Euphrates like a big bull and released them into the fields and fruitful acres of Enlil . He shaped lagoons in the sea. He let fish and birds together come into existence by the sea. He surrounded all the reedbeds with mature reeds, reed shoots and …… reeds.

The debate between Winter and Summer (c.5.3.3) ·c.5.3.3 ·28 ·machine translation (etcsl)

May Nanna , the king of heaven and earth, fit perfectly onto your head the legitimate august headdress of kingship. May the august queen Ningal , who has saved you from famine thanks to her benignity, let you live (?) an agreeable life for these days. As you receive from her holy hands the great splendour of kingship, may she place the august sceptre of heaven and earth in your hands like a ceremonial robe. Rīm- Sîn , king of the Ki-ur , endowed with abundance, constant attendant! O king, may the Tigris bring you abundance, and may the upper (?) Nun canal be filled for you with flowing water in its full flood. May the Nun canal, the good Nun canal, the life-bringing canal of the Land, bring you fish and fowl; from the ocean, the wide sea, from the standing reservoirs, may it bring an unending supply of creatures for your kingship. In the wide open spaces of the wide desert, the four-footed animals ……. May water levels rise for you in the irrigation ditches, with their levees, and the water-channels.

A prayer to Nanna for Rīm-Sîn (Rīm-Sîn G) (c.2.6.9.7) ·c.2.6.9.7 ·31 ·machine translation (etcsl)

She has determined a fate for the king, for the Tigris and the Euphrates and for Ur- Namma . Its lady, the lady of possessions, the lady of ……, has determined a fate for Ur- Namma . The woman of the princely seed has treated him kindly. Ur- Namma …….

A šir-namšub (?) to Nanna for Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma E) (c.2.4.1.5) ·c.2.4.1.5 ·35 ·machine translation (etcsl)

She has determined a fate for the king and the temple of Suen , for the Tigris and the Euphrates and for Ur- Namma . As the sun rises from the horizon, may the population multiply! May he pass the …… of Ninsumun ! …… admiration. Its lady, the lady who loves possessions, who loves him, has determined a fate for Ur- Namma ; Ningal , its lady, the lady who loves possessions, the woman of princely seed, has determined a fate for Ur- Namma .

A šir-namšub to Nanna for Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma F) (c.2.4.1.6) ·c.2.4.1.6 ·37 ·machine translation (etcsl)

that on the two parallel banks of the Tigris and of the Euphrates bad weeds should grow, that no one should set out on the road, that no one should seek out the highway, that the city and its settled surroundings should be razed to ruin-mounds; that its numerous black-headed people should be slaughtered; that the hoe should not attack the fertile fields, that seed should not be planted in the ground, that the melody of the cowherds' songs should not resound in the open country, that butter and cheese should not be made in the cattle-pen, that dung should not be stacked on the ground, that the shepherd should not enclose the sacred sheepfold with a fence, that the song of the churning should not resound in the sheepfold;

The lament for Sumer and Urim (c.2.2.3) ·c.2.2.3 ·38 ·machine translation (etcsl)

When the rain had rained, when walls had been demolished, when it rained potsherds and fireballs, when Dumuzid was defied -- the rain rained, walls were demolished, the cowpen was demolished, the sheepfold was ripped out, wild flood-waters were hurled against the rivers, wild rains were hurled against the marshes. By (?) the …… of the Tigris and the Euphrates , of the Tigris and the Euphrates , long grass grew, long grass ……. 5 lines missing

The šumunda grass (c.1.7.7) ·c.1.7.7 ·42 ·machine translation (etcsl)

When the rain had rained, when walls had been demolished, when it rained potsherds and fireballs, when Dumuzid was defied -- the rain rained, walls were demolished, the cowpen was demolished, the sheepfold was ripped out, wild flood-waters were hurled against the rivers, wild rains were hurled against the marshes. By (?) the …… of the Tigris and the Euphrates , of the Tigris and the Euphrates , long grass grew, long grass ……. 5 lines missing

The šumunda grass (c.1.7.7) ·c.1.7.7 ·43 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Its king, the shepherd Naram- Suen , rose as the daylight on the holy throne of Agade . Its city wall {, like a mountain,} {( 1 ms. has instead: ) , a great mountain,} reached the heavens. It was like the Tigris {going to} {( some mss. have instead: ) flowing into} the sea as holy Inana opened the portals of its city-gates and made Sumer bring its own possessions upstream by boats. The highland Martu , people ignorant of agriculture, brought spirited cattle and kids for her. The Meluḫans , the people of the black land, brought {exotic wares} {( some mss. have instead: ) wares of foreign countries} up to her. Elam and Subir loaded themselves with goods for her as if they were packasses. All the governors, the {temple administrators} {( 1 ms. has instead: ) generals}, and the accountants of the Gu-edina regularly supplied the monthly and New Year offerings. What a weariness all these caused at Agade's city gates! Holy Inana could hardly receive all these offerings. As if she were a citizen there, she could not restrain (?) the desire (?) to prepare the ground for a temple.

The cursing of Agade (c.2.1.5) ·c.2.1.5 ·43 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Just as he said he would, he has captured the regions of the Tigris , Euphrates , Ab-gal and Me- Enlila watercourses. He has made Iddin enter Malgium (?). {Opposing} {( 1 ms. has instead: ) hating} Girbubu , the governor of Ĝirikal , he {cut off his strap} {( 2 mss. have instead: ) he removed his barley stores (?)} and captured him. {His cry of victory lies heavily upon us (?)} {( 1 ms. has instead: ) …… he named ……}.

Letter from Puzur-Šulgi to Ibbi-Suen about Išbi-Erra's claim on Isin (c.3.1.19) ·c.3.1.19 ·44 ·machine translation (etcsl)

"Prince Išme- Dagan , as your fate, you shall be given a throne which concentrates all divine powers, an enduring legitimate crown and a sceptre which maintains the people and keeps them united. The Tigris and the Euphrates shall bring abundance, carp-filled waters for you, {their yield shall be long-lasting for you} {( 1 ms. has instead: ) ……}. Their banks shall grow vegetation for you, they shall bring (?) you rejoicing. The irrigated orchards shall yield (?) syrup and wine for you. The fertile arable tracts shall grow dappled grain for you; grain piles shall be heaped up for you. Cattle-pens shall be built, sheepfolds shall be enlarged for you. Your name shall be exalted as king; you shall be elevated as prince. All the foreign countries from below as far as the uplands shall bring tribute for you. You shall shine radiantly in the grand main courtyard like sunlight. Your food offerings shall never cease in the shining E-kur ." This is how Enlil determined his fate. From the E-kur he gave huge strength to the king. He has been made lordly; Enlil's words made him a man without rival. He directed his steps proudly there and entered the august palace, the royal residence. As he took his seat on the shining holy throne-dais, the palace …….

An adab to Bau for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan B) (c.2.5.4.02) ·c.2.5.4.02 ·45 ·machine translation (etcsl)

It is you who pour out the filtered beer of the collector vat; it is like the onrush of the Tigris and the Euphrates . Ninkasi , it is you who pour out the filtered beer of the collector vat; it is like the onrush of the Tigris and the Euphrates .

A hymn to Ninkasi (Ninkasi A) (c.4.23.1) ·c.4.23.1 ·46 ·machine translation (etcsl)

An …… favourable day …… holy ……. He has a righteous crown, long-lasting divine powers and a royal sceptre. Enlil has decreed lordship for his beloved one, as his destiny, and has created with magnificent grandeur the qualities of a warrior. Enki , renewing abundance and days of splendour, …… the Tigris and Euphrates in their wide flooding. Nintur , who causes human seed to propagate and brings living beings into existence, …… cities and crowded places, all the numerous people together. Nanna , the …… light, confirming the divine plans, new moon of eternal fame, light which goes towards the earth, has given authority (?) to my Ibbi- Suen , foremost among princes, over the south and the uplands as far as the outer limits of heaven and earth. Utu has produced justice and propriety for Ibbi- Suen the augustly powerful, strong among warriors, unsurpassed in his youthfulness, overthrowing the enemy lands, finding the right decisions and giving advice to the people. The good lady Ninirigal , mother of Kulaba , …… prayer and supplication ……, …… lady with an august name ……. …… long life.

An adab to Suen for Ibbi-Suen (Ibbi-Suen C) (c.2.4.5.3) ·c.2.4.5.3 ·47 ·machine translation (etcsl)

It is you who pour out the filtered beer of the collector vat; it is like the onrush of the Tigris and the Euphrates . Ninkasi , it is you who pour out the filtered beer of the collector vat; it is like the onrush of the Tigris and the Euphrates .

A hymn to Ninkasi (Ninkasi A) (c.4.23.1) ·c.4.23.1 ·48 ·machine translation (etcsl)

The riverbank should rejoice as though there were a flood. Enlil should rejoice as though the Tigris were at high water.

Proverbs: collection 4 (c.6.1.04) ·c.6.1.04 ·22 ·machine translation (etcsl)

( cf. 6.2.5: IM 62823 Seg. B l. 10 ) The Tigris is a duck, the Euphrates is a goose. The king should not come near, …….

Proverbs: collection 15 (c.6.1.15) ·c.6.1.15 ·23 ·machine translation (etcsl)

An frightened the very dwellings of Sumer , the people were afraid. Enlil blew an evil storm, silence lay upon the city. Nintur bolted the door of the storehouses of the Land. Enki blocked the water in the Tigris and the Euphrates . Utu took away the pronouncement of equity and justice. Inana handed over victory in strife and battle to a rebellious land. Ninĝirsu poured Sumer away like milk to the dogs. Turmoil descended upon the Land, something that no one had ever known, something unseen, which had no name, something that could not be fathomed. The lands were confused in their fear. The god of the city turned away, its shepherd vanished.

The lament for Sumer and Urim (c.2.2.3) ·c.2.2.3 ·61 ·machine translation (etcsl)