Akkad

The king sailed to Unug towards the princely divine powers. Sumer and Akkad marvelled at him as he moored the boat at the quay of Kulaba . With a large wild bull of the mountains with uplifted horns, and with a sheep led by the hand of an en priest at his right side, with a dappled kid and a bearded kid clasped to his breast, he entered before Inana in the shrine of E-ana .

A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi X) (c.2.4.2.24) ·c.2.4.2.24 ·3 ·machine translation (etcsl)

From …… he brought …… for you. …… the fates are decided ……. He set up grandly (?) for you …… that befits the majestic dais and throne of gold. They lined up before it for you …… favourable words for Sumer and Akkad . …… in the E-kur ……. food offerings. …… in the E-kur ……. …… with your right arm ……. …… Iškur …… in the E-kur . …… on its august throne. He …… a huge copper …… inspiring great awe, on your holy dais. It is to be marvelled at by the people. He …… the main task for you in your great dining hall as a regular offering forever after.

A praise poem of Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan AA) (c.2.5.4.27) ·c.2.5.4.27 ·5 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Shepherd, called by name, for whom holy An has determined in heaven a great destiny! Rīm- Sîn , called by name, for whom holy An has determined in heaven a great destiny! Prince who achieved kingship when still in the true womb, you grandly exercise lordship over the numerous people. In Larsam , the …… mountain befitting the princely divine powers, you are truly called to be shepherd of Sumer and Akkad . Great An , august in heaven and earth, lord who is wise in everything, father of the gods, has determined to fix the destinies for that place, never interrupting the uttering of weighty commands, …… in the pure interior of heaven.

A prayer to An for Rīm-Sîn (Rīm-Sîn C) (c.2.6.9.3) ·c.2.6.9.3 ·6 ·machine translation (etcsl)

He greeted { Enki , Asalim and the son of Eridug } {( an Akkadian gloss has: ) Ea , Marduk and Asalluḫa }, the great gods, {while sitting majestically on the golden throne of kingship with head high in heroic strength in its midst} {( an Akkadian gloss has: ) on your golden throne of kingship, whose head is raised high in the strength of your heroism, may you sit majestically, Samsu -ilūna , double king}, the king of Urim and king of Larsam , the king of Sumer and Akkad .

A prayer for Samsu-iluna (Samsu-iluna G) (c.2.8.3.7) ·c.2.8.3.7 ·6 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Enlil has looked at you truly, Iddin- Dagan , he has spoken truly to you. Enlil has commanded you to keep firm the cosmic bond in Sumer , to keep the people on the track, to let Sumer and Akkad relax under your broad protection, to let the people eat noble food and drink fresh water. Iddin- Dagan , you are the shepherd in his heart, the one whom Enlil has spoken to truly.

A praise poem of Iddin-Dagan (Iddin-Dagan B) (c.2.5.3.2) ·c.2.5.3.2 ·9 ·machine translation (etcsl)

I am a king, offspring begotten by a king and borne by a queen. I, Šulgi the noble, have been blessed with a favourable destiny right from the womb. When I was small, I was at the academy, where I learned the scribal art from the tablets of Sumer and Akkad . None of the nobles could write on clay as I could. There where people regularly went for tutelage in the scribal art, I qualified fully in subtraction, addition, reckoning and accounting. The fair Nanibgal , Nisaba , provided me amply with knowledge and comprehension. I am an experienced scribe who does not neglect a thing.

A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi B) (c.2.4.2.02) ·c.2.4.2.02 ·14 ·machine translation (etcsl)

…… in princeship. Ruler, leader of the Anuna deities, prince of the just decision, Lord Ašimbabbar , An and Enlil have made you perfect for the sky. Beloved of the king, making the good crown sparkle, coming forth on high, you come forth like bright sunlight, whether at noon or in the night. Youthful Suen , lord, …… son of the Great Mountain and born of Ninlil , given a good destiny by his grandparents Enki and Ninki -- they have given …… to him, the just lord of the sky.

An adab to Nanna for Gungunum (Gungunum A) (c.2.6.2.1) ·c.2.6.2.1 ·5 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Your …… makes (?) the faithful woman joyous, the father proud. In your interior the evildoer dare not lay hold of the holy statutes. House whose offerings of the temple terrace devastate the rebel lands. At your Dubla-maḫ , the place where the fates are determined, the great gods determine the fates. Suen chose Sumer and Akkad , the black-headed people, and Ur- Namma in his heart.

A šir-namšub to Nanna for Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma F) (c.2.4.1.6) ·c.2.4.1.6 ·23 ·machine translation (etcsl)

……, the authoritative, praised himself exultantly: Under Ur- Namma , king of Urim , for whom a favorable destiny was determined, the roads have been made passable. An opens his holy mouth, and because of me rain is produced. He directs it downward into the earth, and abundance is brought for me. Enlil treats me kindly, ……. Enki treats me kindly, bestowing early floods, grain and dappled barley. Nintur formed me; I am peerless. …… brought me up well; I am the king of the Land. I am ……; under my rule the cattle-pens and sheepfolds are extended wide. Utu endowed me with eloquence (?); my judgments create concord in Sumer and Akkad . Ningublaga has given me strength. In the whole extent of heaven and earth, no one can escape from a battle with me.

A praise poem of Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma C) (c.2.4.1.3) ·c.2.4.1.3 ·28 ·machine translation (etcsl)

O ……, shrine where destiny is determined, ……, foundation, raised with a ziqqurat, ……, settlement of Enlil , your ……, your right and your left are Sumer and Akkad . House of Enlil , your interior is cool, your exterior determines destiny. Your door-jambs and architrave are a mountain summit, your projecting pilasters a dignified mountain. Your peak is a …… peak of your princely platform. Your base serves heaven and earth.

The temple hymns (c.4.80.1) ·c.4.80.1 ·28 ·machine translation (etcsl)

You have put the highways and roads in order, made the Land content, placed justice in every mouth, made propriety resplendent. You have marked the borders (?) and fixed the boundaries, made Sumer and Akkad raise their necks. Iddin- Dagan , you have restored the purification rituals of the deities which you have organised. What you order ……. Your word reaches holy heaven, your utterances cover the heavens.

A praise poem of Iddin-Dagan (Iddin-Dagan B) (c.2.5.3.2) ·c.2.5.3.2 ·29 ·machine translation (etcsl)

I am Ur- Namma , king of Urim , the protecting genius of my city. I strike against those guilty of capital offences, and make them tremble. The fear I cause ……. My judgments make Sumer and Akkad follow a single path. I place my foot on the necks of thieves and criminals. I clamp down on evildoers, who will be caught like snakes. I …… fugitives, and their intentions will be set right. I make justice apparent; I defeat wickedness. As if I were fire, even my frowning is enough to create concord. My word ……. …… the lands, the foreign countries …… Urim ……. Their food offerings make Nanna rejoice in E-kiš-nu-ĝal .

A praise poem of Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma C) (c.2.4.1.3) ·c.2.4.1.3 ·34 ·machine translation (etcsl)

In the overflowing of his heart, An has chosen him as king and blessed the royal descendant: " Lipit- Eštar , on whom I bestowed power, may you lift your head high! May you spread fearsome radiance as if you were the front of a rising tempest! May your storm cover the enemy territories, the disobedient countries! You have established justice in Sumer and Akkad , and made the Land feel content. Lipit- Eštar , son of Enlil , may you shine as brilliantly as the sunlight! May concord be created under you in the established cities, settlements and dwellings! May the black-headed people, numerous as flocks, follow the right path under you! Lipit- Eštar , even in far-away foreign countries, you will be the king! Enlil has faithfully bestowed on you the princely august throne, the eternal ornament of kingship; he has made it firm for you. May you never cease to wear the crown that Suen has placed firmly on your head! Enki has adorned you with princely divine powers. Inana escorts (?) you with the garment of princeship. The friendly guardians and the protecting genii of the E-kur stand by you. May the food offerings, wine, and milk that you bring ……! Son and creature of Enlil , may everything be pleasant for you!" 2 lines missing

An adab to An for Lipit-Eštar (Lipit-Eštar C) (c.2.5.5.3) ·c.2.5.5.3 ·38 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Sîn -iddinam -- the mighty man, the humble prince who respects Enlil ; approved with a "let it be so!" by the E-kur ; the young man given a propitious name by Nanna ; the provider of Urim , the king of Larsam , the king of Sumer and Akkad , given broad wisdom and surpassing intelligence by Nudimmud , granted a good reign, a long life and unending abundance by Iškur , his god; who puts in order the divine plans of Eridug , who makes perfect offerings to the gods; the wise one who has restored the ancient divine powers, …… who has favourably identified his numerous people -- put in place a majestic throne, …… surpassing in form, for his lord, for his god.

Sîn-iddinam and Iškur (Sîn-iddinam E) (c.2.6.6.5) ·c.2.6.6.5 ·40 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Lipit- Eštar , Enlil's son, you have realised justice and righteousness. Lord, your goodness covers everything as far as the horizon. King Lipit- Eštar , counsellor with huge intelligence, who never tires of discussion, wise one whose decisions guide the people, amply wise, knowing everything in great detail! To decide justly the lawsuits of foreign countries, you recognise true and false even in people's thoughts. Lipit- Eštar , you …… the wicked, but you also know how to save someone by commuting his death sentence; you know how to free someone from the severe punishment, from the jaws of destruction. The mighty do not commit robbery and the strong do not abuse the weak anymore: you have established justice in Sumer and Akkad and made the Land feel content.

A praise poem of Lipit-Eštar (Lipit-Eštar B) (c.2.5.5.2) ·c.2.5.5.2 ·38 ·machine translation (etcsl)

3 lines unclear You have counted …… as ruin-mounds, to be mixed with dust. You have swept over ……, you obliterated it. Ninurta , hero of Enlil , as you are sitting on your throne-dais, may your spouse, the true lady Ninnibru , who embraces you, step before you daily with friendly words on behalf of Lipit- Eštar ! Uta-ulu , may you be his aid when he prays! May he be able to rely on your words, may he be peerless! May he be the king whose fate Ninurta decides, the one endowed with attractiveness! Lipit- Eštar , the prince who is a supporter of yours, the son of Enlil , has established justice in Sumer and Akkad , and made the Land feel content.

An adab to Ninurta for Lipit-Eštar (Lipit-Eštar D) (c.2.5.5.4) ·c.2.5.5.4 ·40 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Lipit- Eštar , king of Isin , king of Sumer and Akkad , you are the tablet writer of Nibru; Lipit- Eštar , you are the constant attendant of the E-kur , Enlil's house. You are the beloved one of Enlil's and Ninlil's hearts. Hero Ninurta is your mighty commissioner. Chief minister Nuska is your aid in all matters. You have been rightly chosen by Nintur as the purification priest of Keš . When in Urim , you are the youth who has the attention of Suen . You are the one to whom Enki gave the good headdress in Eridug . In Unug , Lipit- Eštar , you are the delight of holy Inana's heart. In Isin , Ninisina set up your lofty throne-dais.

A praise poem of Lipit-Eštar (Lipit-Eštar B) (c.2.5.5.2) ·c.2.5.5.2 ·40 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Ninšubur , the good minister of E-ana , clasps him by his right hand and brings him in bliss to Inana's embrace: "May the lord whom you have chosen in your heart, the king, your beloved husband, enjoy long days in your holy and sweet embrace! Give him a propitious and famous reign, give him a royal throne of kingship on its firm foundation, give him the sceptre to guide the Land, and the staff and crook, and give him the righteous headdress and the crown which glorifies the head! From the rising of the sun to the setting of the sun, from the south to the north, from the upper sea to the lower sea, from where the ḫalub tree grows to where the cedar grows, over all Sumer and Akkad , grant him the staff and the crook!"

A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana D1) (c.4.08.30) ·c.4.08.30 ·46 ·machine translation (etcsl)

In me, Ur- Namma , the lands of Sumer and Akkad have their protecting genius. I am a source of joy for the Land; my life indeed creates! ……, the fields are resplendent (?) under my rule. In the fields growing with ……, …… did not multiply under my rule. In the desert, the roads are made up as for a festival, and are passable because of me. The owner of the fields ……; it rises (?) up to his chest. I have freed the sons of the poor from their duty of going to fetch firewood.

A praise poem of Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma C) (c.2.4.1.3) ·c.2.4.1.3 ·50 ·machine translation (etcsl)

I sow fear and confusion in the foreign land. I look to my brother and friend, youthful Utu , as a source of divine encouragement. I, Šulgi , converse with him whenever he rises over there; he is the god who keeps a good eye on my battles. The youth Utu , beloved in the mountains, is the protective deity of my weapons; by his words I am strengthened and made pugnacious (?). In those battles, where weapon clashes on weapon, Utu shines on me. Thus I broke the weapons of the highlands over my knees, and in the south placed a yoke on the neck of Elam . I make the populations of the rebel lands -- how could they still resist my weapons? -- scatter like seed-grain over Sumer and Akkad .

A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi B) (c.2.4.2.02) ·c.2.4.2.02 ·51 ·machine translation (etcsl)

……, …… Ašimbabbar you are on your …… because of Enlil . The watercourse of …… is full of fish, and the air above is full of birds. The fresh water of …… is full of fish, the air above is full of birds. …… honey-plants are planted, and the carp grow fat. …… honey-plants are planted, and the carp grow fat. The gizi reed of …… is so sweet that the fish eat them. The gizi reed of …… is so sweet that the fish eat them. Since my …… was founded, it is teeming with fish and birds. Since …… was founded, it is teeming with fish and birds.

Ur-Namma the canal-digger (Ur-Namma D) (c.2.4.1.4) ·c.2.4.1.4 ·13 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Iddin- Dagan , your father Šu-ilīšu , the king of the Land, made the foundation of Sumer and Akkad firm for you. By the commands of An and Enlil you excel and overwhelm the enemy territories. Iddin- Dagan , mighty king, king of Isin , king of Sumer and Akkad , everything to the end of wisdom has come forward for you. You are the mighty heir, you have authority, Iddin- Dagan , you have raised the neck to heaven in princeship.

A praise poem of Iddin-Dagan (Iddin-Dagan B) (c.2.5.3.2) ·c.2.5.3.2 ·72 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Iddin- Dagan , your father Šu-ilīšu , the king of the Land, made the foundation of Sumer and Akkad firm for you. By the commands of An and Enlil you excel and overwhelm the enemy territories. Iddin- Dagan , mighty king, king of Isin , king of Sumer and Akkad , everything to the end of wisdom has come forward for you. You are the mighty heir, you have authority, Iddin- Dagan , you have raised the neck to heaven in princeship.

A praise poem of Iddin-Dagan (Iddin-Dagan B) (c.2.5.3.2) ·c.2.5.3.2 ·76 ·machine translation (etcsl)

I am a king who, as he sits, is fitted for the throne. I am possessed of a weighty persona for speaking. I am one with a far-reaching mind and intellect, examining requests. I do not hurry over anything, but research its background. I have a far-reaching heart and broad wisdom. I am a stone that brings …… out of the Land. I am one that has truth in his mouth. I am one who never destroys a just person. I am a judge who, in making a decision, weighs his words fairly. I am one who is well-acquainted with giving orders to the foreign lands. I have established justice in Sumer and Akkad , and made the Land feel content.

A praise poem of Lipit-Eštar (Lipit-Eštar A) (c.2.5.5.1) ·c.2.5.5.1 ·92 ·machine translation (etcsl)

He ripped out its drain pipes, and all the rain went back to the heavens. He tore off its upper lintel and {the Land was deprived of its ornament} {( 1 ms. has instead: ) the ornament of the Land disappeared}. From its Gate from which Grain is never Diverted, he diverted grain, and the Land was deprived of grain. He struck the Gate of Well-Being with the pickaxe, and well-being was subverted in all the foreign lands. As if they were for great tracts of land with wide carp-filled waters, he cast large {spades} {( 1 ms. has instead: ) axes} to be used against the E-kur . The people could see the bedchamber, its room which knows no daylight. The Akkadians could look into the holy treasure chest of the gods. Though they had committed no sacrilege, its laḫama deities of the great pilasters standing at the temple were thrown into the fire by Naram- Suen . The cedar, cypress, juniper and boxwood, the woods of its giguna , were …… by him. He put its gold in containers and put its silver in leather bags. He filled the docks with its copper, as if it were a huge transport of grain. The silversmiths were re-shaping its silver, jewellers were re-shaping its precious stones, smiths were beating its copper. Large ships were moored at the temple, large ships were moored at Enlil's temple and its possessions were taken away from the city, though they were not the goods of a plundered city. With the possessions being taken away from the city, good sense left Agade . As the ships {moved away from} {( some mss. have instead: ) juddered} the docks, Agade's {intelligence} {( 1 ms. has instead: ) sanctuary} was removed.

The cursing of Agade (c.2.1.5) ·c.2.1.5 ·130 ·machine translation (etcsl)

On the day when the destiny of the lands was determined, the king who in his arrogance ……, in luxuriance Enlil and Ninlil ……, …… for the life of Sumer and Akkad , …… justice for the Land, canals which he did not maintain ……, a city which he did not enlarge ……. The Great Mountain …… at their side …… great places. He did not …… the god of the palace. He …… to Enlil , and did not offer great gifts in the E-kur , and did not …… the door-sockets of the gods. …… songs. What he achieves with his praise, what he creatively decoratives with his words, the singer …… in his songs.

A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi E) (c.2.4.2.05) ·c.2.4.2.05 ·177 ·machine translation (etcsl)

They …… like stampeding goats, they tore apart the corpses of the population. They mutilated Sumer and Akkad , they pulverised it as with a pestle. They destroyed its settlements and habitations, they razed them to ruin mounds. The best of Sumer they scattered like dust, they heaped up ……. They massacred its populace, they finished off young and old alike. They destroyed the city of the Anuna gods, they set it aflame. They put out both Unug's eyes, they uprooted its young shoots. They wandered all through the libation places of the Anuna gods. And even Kulaba , which is the primeval city, they turned into a place of murder.

The lament for Unug (c.2.2.5) ·c.2.2.5 ·67 ·machine translation (etcsl)

"Chant to him the holy song, the incantation sung in its chambers -- the incantation of Nudimmud : "On that day when there is no snake, when there is no scorpion, when there is no hyena, when there is no lion, when there is neither dog nor wolf, when there is thus neither fear nor trembling, man has no rival! At such a time, may the lands of Šubur and Ḫamazi , the many-tongued, and Sumer , the great mountain of the me of magnificence, and Akkad , the land possessing all that is befitting, and the Martu land, resting in security -- the whole universe, the well-guarded people -- may they all address Enlil together in a single language! For at that time, for the ambitious lords, for the ambitious princes, for the ambitious kings, Enki , for the ambitious lords, for the ambitious princes, for the ambitious kings, for the ambitious lords, for the ambitious princes, for the ambitious kings -- Enki , the lord of abundance and of steadfast decisions, the wise and knowing lord of the Land, the expert of the gods, chosen for wisdom, the lord of Eridug , shall change the speech in their mouths, as many as he had placed there, and so the speech of mankind is truly one.""

Enmerkar and the lord of Aratta (c.1.8.2.3) ·c.1.8.2.3 ·143 ·machine translation (etcsl)

Eyes of …… are characteristic of the Akkadians (?).

Proverbs: collection 3 (c.6.1.03) ·c.6.1.03 ·153 ·machine translation (etcsl)

I bring great gladness to the city whose interior and exterior are as blue-green as the sky, Nibru , the mooring pole of heaven and earth. I have exempted its labourers from carrying earth in baskets, and I have freed its troops from fighting. I have released its gold, silver, cattle and sheep, the tribute of the citizens of Nibru . As for the temple of Enlil my master, for Ninlil , and for Ninurta , the mighty hero of Enlil , I have exempted their labourers from service. Filtered beer (?), barley, oil and sheep's wool have been made a tithe. I …… Sumer and Akkad . I …… wickedness and violence, and established justice in Sumer and Akkad . I am the shepherd who loves justice. I am born of Sumer , a son of Nibru .

A praise poem of Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan A + V) (c.2.5.4.01) ·c.2.5.4.01 ·191 ·machine translation (etcsl)